BIOL 120
Study Guide - Test #4
Exam is scheduled for Monday, December 3rd.
Includes information from Chapters 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 & 29
Instead of the way I've been doing this before, I've
going to go with more of a "word bank" approach. Test will still
be the
same format. If you know what these
following terms are,
I think you will do well on the exam.
- Chapter 20 - What products were
produced by the Miller Erey experiment? Know 4 steps in origin of
life as outlined in class. Also know order of events
in the
history of life on Earth (prokaryotes evolved, oxygen production began,
eukaryotes from prokaryotes, multicellular organisms, diversity of
plants
& animal) and approximate time of each.
Endosymbiosis, origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts.
- Chapter 21 - Viruses -
non-living(why?). Made of protein capsid and DNA or RNA.
Origin - small bits of DNA or RNA that “escaped” from parental
cell. Three main types: (1) Bacteriophages (2) Animal viruses (3)
Plant viruses - usually spread via insects. Bacteria, cocci,
bacilli, spirilla. Know basic characteristics of
bacteria. 4 Categories of bacteria (photoautotrophs,
chemoautotrophs, photoheterotrophs, chemoautotrophs) - know the
differences between these from a metabolic standpoint.Two
kingdoms of bacteria Archaea - methanogens , halophiles,
thermophiles. Bacteria, two main types determined by cell wall;
(1) gram-negative (2) Gram-positive - what are these and why are the
different? Review importances of bacteria.
- Chapter 22 - Eukaryote,
photoautotrophic, heterotrophic,
mixotrohic, serial endosymbiosis, protozoan, Amoebas, pseudopodia,
Foraminiferans,
chalky test, Radiolarians, silica test, axopod, Diplomanads &
Parabasalids, flagella,
oral groove, cytopharynx, Ciliates, cilia, Apicomplexa, spore,
Kinetoplastids, Euglenoids, Dinoflagellates, Diatoms, Chrysophytes,
Brown algae, kelp,
blade, stipe, holdfast, Chlorophytes, alternation of generations,
Rhodophyta,
hyphae, plasmodium, amoeboid cell, pseudoplasmodium.
- Chapter 24 - Decomposer, chitin,
septate hyphae,
haustoria, monokaryotic, dikaryotic, heterogamy, plasmogamy,
Zygomycota,
zygospore, Ascomycota, ascospores, ascus, budding,
Basiciomycota,
basidiospore, primary mycelium, secondary mycelium, Chytridiomycota,
lichen,
mycorrhize.
- <> Chapter 23 - Cuticle, stomata,
lignin, archegonia,
antheridia, non-vascular plants, sporophyte, gametophyte, Bryophyte,
vascular plant,
Pteridophytes, xylem, phloem,
homosporous,
heterosporous, microsporangia, megasporangia. Seed, pollen,
Gymnosperm, Phylum
Coniferophyta, Phylum Cycadophyta, Phylum Ginkophyta, Phylum
Gnetophyta,
monoecious, dioecious, Angiosperm, Phylum Anthophyta, endosperm,
double
fertilization,
stamen, filament, anther, carpel, stigma, style, ovary.
<>
- Chapter 29
- Herbaceous plants, woody plants, annuals, biennials, perennials,
shoot system, root system, simple tissue, complex tissue. Ground
tissue - parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma. Vascular tissue -
aylem, ploem, tracheids, bessel elements, sieve-tube members, companion
cells. Dermal tissue - epidermis, periderm, guard cells, stomata,
trichomes, cork cambium. Meristem. Leaf structures -
petiole, basculr bundle, mesophyll.