Soil, Soil-water and Soil-gas Sampling

Readings:
Artiola Env Monitoring Chapter 7 (overview of soil and vadose)

Nielsen Chp 4

Byrnes Field Sampling pg 81-113 (comprehensive for different types of sampling equipment and operation),

ASTM Standards - D1587-83, D4220-89, D4696-92, D4700-91 (on reserve)

Other references
http://www.frtr.gov/site/toc.html Chp 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.6,4.7
Field Sampling and Analysis Technologies Matrix and Reference Guide
March 1998
Prepared by the Naval Facilities Engineering Command and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
This document is kind of an overview of different drilling, sampling, and analysis techniques.

Expedited Site Assessment Tools For Underground Storage Tank Sites: A Guide for Regulators. (EPA 510-B-97-001). March 1997.
http://www.epa.gov/OUST/pubs/sam.htm
Has info on geophysics, direct push technologies and soil-gas surveys
Read the site case studies on the soil gas

http://fate.clu-in.org/
Characterization and Monitoring: Technology Tools, EPA

What is an accelerated site characterization? How does it work?

Soil Sampling
We will be discussing the following types of soils sampling/collection methodologies.
Know how and where they work, advantages/diadvantages, asuitable anlytes, types

Scoops, Spoons, shovels
Augurs
Tube Samplers
Shelby Tube
Split Spoon samplers
Piston samplers
Peat samplers
Hollow stem augers

How do you wrap, mark and store your samples?
How do you describe soil and sediment samples? (USDA, Engineering, geological)

Soil Water Sampling
What is the vadose zone?
What makes it hard to sample there?

Vacuum porous cup samplers -pressurized and non-pressurized lysimeters
Drawbacks to these?

Sorbent devices
Pan lysimeters

Other Soil Data
Tensiometers
Gypsim Blocks

Soil Gas Surveys
What is the difference between active and passive surveys?
What are their advantages/disadvantages?
What are the chemical and geologic factors that govern soil gas detection?
What is direct push technology?
What types of drills are there? Sampling tools within them?