BIOLOGY 1214
EXAM III
DO NOT WRITE ON THIS TEST
1.  _________ Assist in attaching muscles to the skeleton.
     a.  Flexors        b.  Fascia
     c.  Tendons      d.  Abductors

2.  A bundle of muscle fibers are also known as a _______?
     a.  Epimysium        b.  Fasciculus
     c.  Flexors              d.  Fossa

3.  Bone is formed in a process known as _______.
     a.  Ossification      b.  Articulation
     c.  Synsacrum       d.  Meningitis

4.  How many true ribs do humans have?
     a.  Five       b.  Twelve
     c.  Two       d.  Seven

5.  The bone marrow is responsible for the formation of what material?
     a.  Osseous tissue         b.  Blood cells
     c.  Epithelial tissue       d.  Phlegm

6.  The ____ ____ are the ribs whose cartilage is not attached to anything.
     a.  True ribs      b.  Pygostylic ribs
     c.  Floating ribs d.  Loose ribs

7.  The _________ is the region of the brain responsible for controlling respiration, blood pressure, swallowing and vomiting.
     a.  Cerebrum     b.  Cerebellum
     c.  Medulla        d.  Pineal gland

8.  In many organisms (including humans), a membrane called the ______ encloses the heart.
     a.  Peritoneum         b.  Diaphragm
     c.  Eustachian          d.  Pericardium

9.  The _______ are responsible for the exchange of nutrients and waste products between tissues and blood.
     a.  Veins        b.  Arteries
     c.   Capillaries     d.  Atria

10.  An _______ is a type of muscle which straightens a joint, while a _______ bends the joint.
       a.  Flexor, Abductor   b.  Adductor, Extensor
       c.  Adductor, Abductor d.  Extensor, Flexor
 
 

11.  The ________ connects the middle ear with the pharynx, helping to relieve pressure on the tympanum, maintaining equilibrium.
     a.  Eustachian tube          b.  Cochlea
     c.  Semicircular canals    d.  External auditory meatus

12.  Which of the following structures is not one of the ossicles?
     a.  Incus     b.  Malleus
     c.  Stapes   d.  Tympanum

13.  The _______ carry impulses (or information) to the spinal column.
     a.  Motor nerve fibers     b.  Sensory nerve fibers
     c.  Parasympathetic nerve fibers    d.  Metencephalon

14.  The cerebellum is located in which region of the frog brain?
      a.  Telencephalon      b.  Mesencephalon
      c.  Diencephalon       d.  Myelencephalon

15. Which of the following is not considered one of the major masses (regions) of the mammalian brain?
     a.  Cerebrum        b.  Fascia
     c.  Cerebellum     d.  Brain stem

16.  The _____regulates the size of the pupil, determining how much light passes into the eye.
     a.  Cornea     b.  Lens
     c.  Sclera      d.  Iris

17.  Which of the poles in a zygote produces food for the embryo?
     a.  Vegetal     b.  Animal

18.  Photoreceptors (rods and cones) can be found in which layer of the eye?
     a.  Vitreous humor     b.  Sclera
     c.  Choroid           d.  Retina

19.  Which of the germ layers lines the gut (and later items like the intestines)?
     a.  Mesoderm     b.  Ectoderm
     c.  Endoderm     d.  Neurectoderm

20.  The central nervous system begins as the ______ in the embryo.
      a.  Neural groove    b.  Blastopore
      c.  Neurula              d.  Neural tube

21.  In an embryo, the________ are segments later used to form muscle, bone and the dermis.
      a.  Fasciculus       b.  Arachnoid
      c.  Gastrula          d.  Somites

22.  In advanced vertebrates, the ventral cavity (front of body) has been subdivided into two
      regions.  Which of the following are those regions?
     a.  Thoracic, abdomino-pelvic   b.  Thoracic, pericardial
     c.  Pleuroperitoneal, pericardial  d.  Abdomino-pelvic, pleuroperitoneal

23.  In organisms that produce little or no yolk, cleavage results in equal sized cells called ______?
     a.  Blastomeres     b.  Micromeres and Macromeres
     c.  Isomeres          d.  Vegomeres
 
24.  Which of the meninges (membranes) wraps around (or is said to be in close association with)
        the neural tissue?
      a.  Dura mater     b.  Olecranon process
      c.  Pia mater        d.  Arachnoid

25.  The caudal vertebrae in birds are known as the  _______.
      a.  Urostyle     b.  Coccyx
      c.  Occipital    d.  Pygostyle

26.  Which of the following make up the appendicular skeleton?
     a.  Skull and Girdles     b.  Skull and Vertebral column
     c.  Girdles and Vertebral column   d.  Vertebral column and Appendages
     e.  Girdles and Appendages

27.  The portion of the circulatory system that appears to begin at the liver and runs through the
       abdominal cavity (laying on top of the organs) is called the __________.
       a.  Dorsal aorta     b.  Systemic artery
       c.  Ventral abdominal vein  d.  Central linear capillary array

28. Visual messages leave eye for the brain via the ______.
      a.  Optic nerve     b.  Olfactory nerve
      c.  Cranial nerve  d.  Auditory nerve

29.  The ________ is a region of the gastrula whose name translates into "old intestine."
      a.  Micromere     b.  Archenteron (or primitive gut)
      c.  Neurula          d.  Yolk plug

30.  The region of the ear from the pinna to the tympanic membrane is considered to be the ____.
      a.  Inner ear   b.  Eustachian tube
      c.  Outer ear   d.  Middle ear
 
 
 
 
 
 

For the following questions, refer to the drawing at the bottom of the page for assistance.

31.  The ________ is the valve separating the right atrium from the right ventricle in the heart.
      a.  Pulmonary semi-lunar              b.  Tricuspid (right atrial-ventricular)
      b.  Bicuspid (left atrial-ventricular)      d.  Aortic semi-lunar

32.  In mammals, the ________ bring deoxygenated blood into the right atrium.
     a.  Aorta                    b.  Bicuspid
     c.  Pulmonary semilunar   d.  Vena cava

33.  Looking at the drawing of the heart, the oxygenated blood returns to the heart via the ______ and fills the   _______.
a. Superior vena cava, right ventricle    b.  Aortic arch, left ventricle
c.  Pulmonary veins, left atria                  d.  Pulmonary artery (trunk), left ventricle
 

BONUS QUESTIONS

1.  Give the entire route blood takes through the heart—everything except the valves!!!
 * I want to know what brings blood into the heart, route to lungs, back into the heart and out    to the body.  You don’t have to list the arteries that take blood to the body.

2.  What part of the eye reflects light back through the retina, allowing nocturnal animals to see very well at night?  Hint:  it causes “eye shine”